Allotrope is nothing but the existence of an element in many forms which will have different physical property but will have similar chemical properties and its forms are called allotropes of allotropic forms. Allotropes are defined as the two or more physical forms of one element. These allotropes are all based on carbon atoms but exhibit different physical properties, especially with regard to hardness.
The common , crystalline allotropes of carbon are Diamond , Graphite, Graphene, Fullerene ( C60), Carbon nanotubes. Carbon shows allotropy because it exists in different forms of carbon. Diamond and Graphite of carbon but it is now known that all the amorphous carbons contain microcrystals of graphite. Though these allotropes of carbon have a different crystal structure and different physical properties, their chemical properties are the same and show similar chemical properties. Both diamond and graphite have symbol C. Both give off carbon dioxide when strongly heated in the presence of oxygen.
The structure of carbon allotropes are
Diamond:
Diamond is a well known allotrope of carbon having a three-dimensional network structure. It exhibits the highest hardness and thermal conductivity.
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