{"id":2990,"date":"2022-04-30T05:08:37","date_gmt":"2022-04-30T05:08:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mdr.foobrdigital.com\/?p=2990"},"modified":"2022-04-30T05:08:37","modified_gmt":"2022-04-30T05:08:37","slug":"germanium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/2022\/04\/30\/germanium\/","title":{"rendered":"Germanium"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Germanium<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn1.byjus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/chemistry\/2017\/05\/22075302\/Germanium_Tile-300x300.png\" alt=\"Germanium\" title=\"Germanium\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td><em><strong>Symbol<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>Ge<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em><strong>Atomic Number<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>32<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em><strong>Atomic Mass<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>72.630<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em><strong>Discovered by<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>Germanium was discovered by Clemens Winkler<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is Germanium?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Germanium, a chemical element places between silicon and tin in Group 14 of the periodic table.<\/li><li>A hard, grey-white, lustrous and brittle metalloid acts in properties between metals and nonmetals.<\/li><li>The element is mostly distributed in nature, but it\u2019s too reactive to occur free.<\/li><li>Germanium has a diamond-like structure and its properties are very similar to the physical and chemical properties of silicon.<\/li><li>It is stable in air and water and does not get affected by alkalis and acids except nitric acid.<\/li><li>There are primary minerals which include germanite, argyrodite, Canfield site, and renierite. Only renierite and germanite have been used as commercial sources for the element.<\/li><li>Some of the trace quantities of germanium are found in various zinc blended minerals\u2013 some in sulfidic ores of arsenic and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/byjus.com\/chemistry\/copper\/\">copper<\/a>&nbsp;&amp; some coals.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Table of Contents<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/byjus.com\/#Chemical_Properties_of_Germanium\">Chemical Properties of Germanium<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/byjus.com\/#Isotopes_of_Germanium\">Isotopes of Germanium<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/byjus.com\/#Production_of_Germaniums\">Production of Germanium<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/byjus.com\/#Uses_of_Germanium\">Uses of Germanium<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/byjus.com\/#FAQs\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Chemical_Properties_of_Germanium\">Chemical Properties of Germanium<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td><em><strong>Group<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>14<\/strong><\/td><td><em><strong>Melting point<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>938.25\u00b0C, 1720.85\u00b0F, 1211.4 K<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em><strong>Period<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>4<\/strong><\/td><td><em><strong>Boiling point<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>2833\u00b0C, 5131\u00b0F, 3106 K<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em><strong>Block<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>p<\/strong><\/td><td><em><strong>Density (g cm<sup>\u22123<\/sup>)<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>5.3234<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em><strong>Atomic number<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>32<\/strong><\/td><td><em><strong>Relative atomic mass<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>72.630 &nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em><strong>State at 20\u00b0C<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>Solid<\/strong><\/td><td><em><strong>Key isotopes<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong><sup>73<\/sup>Ge,&nbsp;<sup>74<\/sup>Ge<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em><strong>Electron configuration<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>[Ar]3d<sup>10&nbsp;<\/sup>4s<sup>2&nbsp;<\/sup>4p<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><\/td><td><em><strong>CAS number<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>7440-56-4<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em><strong>ChemSpider ID<\/strong><\/em><\/td><td><strong>4885606<\/strong><\/td><td>ChemSpider is a free chemical structure database<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Isotopes_of_Germanium\">Isotopes of Germanium<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>There are five types of natural isotopes found in Germanium, such as&nbsp;&nbsp;<sup>70<\/sup>Ge,&nbsp;<sup>72<\/sup>Ge ,&nbsp;<sup>73<\/sup>Ge,&nbsp;<sup>74<\/sup>Ge, and&nbsp;<sup>76<\/sup>Ge&nbsp;.<\/li><li><sup>74<\/sup>Ge is the most common isotope, having a natural abundance of approximately 36%.<\/li><li><sup>76<\/sup>Ge is the least common with a natural abundance of approximately 7%.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Production_of_Germaniums\">Production of Germanium<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Germanium found in the Earth\u2019s crust is approximately 1.6 ppm.<\/li><li>Few minerals like&nbsp;<strong>argyrodite<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>briartit<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>germanite<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>renierite<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>sphalerite<\/strong>&nbsp;contain appreciable amounts of germanium.<\/li><li>Germanium mostly produced from the ore&nbsp;<strong>sphalerite.&nbsp;<\/strong>The ore is&nbsp;converted to the&nbsp;germanium oxides&nbsp;by heating under air in a process known as&nbsp;roasting. The oxide of germanium is&nbsp; reduced by using carbon form germanium.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>GeO<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp;+ C \u2192 Ge + CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Uses_of_Germanium\">Uses of Germanium<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Germanium acts as a semiconductor, commonly doped with arsenic and other elements and used as a transistor in different electronic applications.<\/li><li>The oxides of Germanium includes a high index of dispersion and refraction which makes it perfect to use in wide-angle camera lenses &amp; objective lenses for microscopes.<\/li><li>It is also used as an alloying agent in contact with fluorescent lamps and as a catalyst.<\/li><li>As both the germanium and germanium oxides are transparent to infrared radiation, these are used in infrared spectroscopes.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions- FAQs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. What is the use of germanium?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The germanium used as a semiconductor, commonly doped with arsenic and other elements. The oxides of Germanium are used in wide-angle camera lenses &amp; objective lenses for microscopes. Germanium has been used as an alternative medicine capable of treating leukemia and lung cancer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. What is the electronic configuration of Germanium?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The electronic configuration of Germanium is&nbsp;<strong>[Ar] 3d<sup>10<\/sup>&nbsp;4s<sup>2<\/sup>&nbsp;4p<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Is germanium a metal?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Germanium acts as a Metalloid. It properties between metals and nonmetals. it is a lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white solid, used as a semiconductor. Germanium has diamond-like structure and its properties are very similar to the physical and chemical properties of silicon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. What is the atomic number of germanium?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The atomic number of Germanium is&nbsp;<strong>32<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Germanium Symbol Ge Atomic Number 32 Atomic Mass 72.630 Discovered by Germanium was discovered by Clemens Winkler What is Germanium? Germanium, a chemical element places between silicon and tin in Group 14 of the periodic table. A hard, grey-white, lustrous and brittle metalloid acts in properties between metals and nonmetals. The element is mostly distributed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[176],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2990"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2990"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2990\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2990"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2990"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2990"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}