{"id":5590,"date":"2022-07-03T05:13:49","date_gmt":"2022-07-03T05:13:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mdr.foobrdigital.com\/?p=5590"},"modified":"2022-07-03T05:13:49","modified_gmt":"2022-07-03T05:13:49","slug":"ideal-and-non-ideal-solution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/2022\/07\/03\/ideal-and-non-ideal-solution\/","title":{"rendered":"Ideal and Non-Ideal Solution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

What is an Ideal Solution?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

An ideal solution is a mixture in which the molecules of different species are distinguishable, however, unlike the ideal gas, the molecules in ideal solution exert forces on one another. When those forces are the same for all molecules independent of species then a solution is said to be ideal.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

If we take the simplest definition of an ideal solution, then it is described as a homogeneous solution where the interaction between molecules of components (solute and solvents) is exactly the same to the interactions between the molecules of each component itself. These types of solutions follow\u00a0Raoult\u2019s Law\u00a0at almost all levels of concentration and temperatures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Characteristics of Ideal Solution<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

An ideal solution can be obtained by mixing a solute and a solvent which consist of similar molecular structure and size. If we take two substances X and Y and mix them we will see that there are several intermolecular forces that exist between them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • X and X experience intermolecular forces of attraction.<\/em><\/li>
  • Y and Y experience intermolecular forces of attraction.<\/em><\/li>
  • X and Y experience intramolecular forces of attraction.<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Here, when the intermolecular forces of attraction are the same or equal, it gives us an ideal solution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Understanding the concept of an ideal solution is really important, especially when we are studying chemical thermodynamics and topics like colligative properties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Raoult\u2019s Law<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Raoult\u2019s law states that \u201cthe relative lowering of the vapour pressure of a solvent by dissolving a non-volatile electrolyte is equal to the mole fraction of the solute\u201d.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Thus \u0394P\/PAo = No. of moles of solute\/ Total moles of solute and solvent<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Thus<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0394 P \/ P A<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    =\u00a0\u00a0Po<\/sup>A \u2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    P A \/ P o A = X B = n \/n + N<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0394P\/PA = Po<\/sup>A \u2013 \/Po<\/sup>A = XB = n\/n+N<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Where n and N are the numbers of moles of solute and solvent respectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    In a dilute solution
    N>>n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Hence
    XB = n\/N = w\/m\/W\/M
    Where w and W are the weights of solute and solvent and m and M are their molecular weights respectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Therefore,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    PoA \u2013 PA\/PoA = P\/PoA = wM\/Wm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Properties of an Ideal Solution<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    An ideal solution most of the time has physical properties that are closely related to the properties of the pure components. Some of its properties are;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    • The enthalpy of solution is zero. If the enthalpy of the solution gets closer to zero it is more likely to show an ideal behaviour.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      \u0394 m i x H = 0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The volume of mixing is also zero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0394 m i x V = 0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Examples of Ideal Solution<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Getting a well-balanced ideal solution can be rare but some solutions can sometimes exhibit ideal behaviour. Some examples include;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      • Toluene\u00a0and Benzene.<\/li>
      • Ethyl Iodide and Ethyl Bromide.<\/li>
      • Bromobenzene and Chlorobenzene.<\/li>
      • N-heptane and n-hexane.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Notably, when we talk about the\u00a0concentrations of the solutions\u00a0most of the dilute solutions also have or show characteristics of an ideal solution.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        What is an Ideal Solution? An ideal solution is a mixture in which the molecules of different species are distinguishable, however, unlike the ideal gas, the molecules in ideal solution exert forces on one another. When those forces are the same for all molecules independent of species then a solution is said to be ideal. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[630],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5590"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5590"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5590\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mudassirbackup.infinitycodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}